GIGA Traceroute Studies

School connectivity, traced hop by hop

Where does a school's
Internet actually go?

We analyze traceroute data from M-Lab speed tests at GIGA-connected schools. For each country we follow the routes packets take to leave the network, cross exchanges and borders, and reach test servers. The result shows how direct, resilient, and local each country's path to the Internet is.

28countries
89study months
Explore a country ↓

How to read these studies

  1. 1

    Pick a country

    Open a case study below. Each one collects every analysis we've run for that country.

  2. 2

    Slide through time

    Use the month slider to move across measurement periods. Some months split into finer date ranges.

  3. 3

    Read the analysis

    Each section explains what it measures in plain language, with the key figures written out.

  4. 4

    Open the plots

    Hit β€œShow plots” to load the interactive charts on demand, so the page stays fast.

Case studies

Albania flag Albania 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Belize flag Belize 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Benin flag Benin 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Bosnia and Herzegovina flag Bosnia and Herzegovina 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Botswana flag Botswana 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Congo flag Congo 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Dominica flag Dominica 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Fiji flag Fiji 4 months latest Β· June 2026 Grenada flag Grenada 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Honduras flag Honduras 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Kazakhstan flag Kazakhstan 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Kenya flag Kenya 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Kyrgyzstan flag Kyrgyzstan 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Lesotho flag Lesotho 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Malawi flag Malawi 4 months latest Β· June 2026 Moldova flag Moldova 4 months latest Β· June 2026 Mongolia flag Mongolia 5 months latest Β· June 2026 Montenegro flag Montenegro 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Namibia flag Namibia 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Rwanda flag Rwanda 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Saint Kitts and Nevis flag Saint Kitts and Nevis 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Saint Lucia flag Saint Lucia 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines flag Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 3 months latest Β· June 2026 South Africa flag South Africa 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Sri Lanka flag Sri Lanka 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Trinidad and Tobago flag Trinidad and Tobago 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Uzbekistan flag Uzbekistan 3 months latest Β· June 2026 Zambia flag Zambia 3 months latest Β· June 2026

What's behind the numbers

Measurements come from M-Lab: NDT speed tests run by real users on school networks, annotated with per-hop routing detail. We filter each dataset to known school IP ranges, reconstruct the forward path to domestic and international test servers, and summarize path length, exchange-point crossings, transit-country dependency, latency decomposition, loss, and performance over time. Every figure on a country page comes from that pipeline.